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• Author: Alberto del Real Alcalá
• Profession: Profesor Titular de Filosofía del Derecho de la Universidad de Jaén (España)
• Pages: 17-19

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Gu" rctc" o" wp" jqpqt" eqttgurqpfgt" c" nc" kpxkvcek„p" c" rtqnqict" guvg" nkdtq" swg" og"

jceg"uw"cwvqt" Ft0"Lwcp"Tco„p" Rf‌itg¦"Ecttknnq0"Vgpiq" swg"fgekt"swg" guvg"vgzvq"ug"

eqttgurqpfg"eqp" nc" kpxguvkicek„p"fg"Vguku" Fqevqtcn" gp"nc" swg" eqoq" Eq/Fktgevqt"

fg" nc" kpxguvkicek„p."l wpvq"eqp" gn" Rtqh0" Ft0" Tqncpfq" Rcx„" Cequvc." cuguqtf‌i" cn" Ft0"

Rf‌itg¦"Ecttknnq" gp" ncu" ocvgtkcu"oƒu" tgncekqpcfcu" eqp"gn" ƒodkvq" eqpegrvwcn" fg"nc"

vgqtc"lwtfkec" fg"ncu" hwgpvgu"fgn" Fgtgejq."fg"nc" Vgqtc"fg" nc"Ngikuncek„p" {"fg" nc"

Hknquqhc"fgn"Fgtgejq0""

" Og" eqpuvc" gn" gpqtog" guhwgt¦q" swg" jc" tgcnk¦cfq" Lwcp" Tco„p" rctc"

rtqrqtekqpctpqu" guvg" vgzvq." htwvq" fg" nc" itcp" xqecek„p" wpkxgtukvctkc" fqegpvg" g"

kpxguvkicfqtc"swg"ng" ectcevgtk¦cp."fgn" vgu„p"{"fg" nc"fgfkecek„p"swg"jc"rwguvq" gp"

uw"gncdqtcek„p."swg"cfgoƒu"jc"vgpkfq"swg"eqorcikpct"eqp"nc"iguvk„p"cecff‌iokec0"

Gp"gn"fgucttqnnq"fg" guvg"vtcdclq."gn"cwvqt"tgcnk¦„" wpc"Guvcpekc"fg"Kpxguvkicek„p"gp"

nc" Wpkxgtukfcf" fg" Lcf‌ip" *Gurc‚c+." gp" nc" swg" vwxg" nc" qrqtvwpkfcf" fg" guvtgejct"

fktgevcogpvg" tgncekqpgu" eqp" f‌in" {" ew{c" gvcrc" ng" rqukdknkv„" eqorngvct"

fghkpkvkxcogpvg"uw"kpxguvkicek„p0""

Gn"nkdtq" swg" jq{"pqu" rtgugpvc" gn"Ft0" Rf‌itg¦" Ecttknnq"jc{" swg"xcnqtctnq"ow{"

rqukvkxcogpvg"rqt"xctkcu"tc¦qpgu

En primer lugar."guvcoqu" cpvg"wpc"qdtc"eqp"ugtkq"xcnqt"ÐkpxguvkicfqtÑ." swg"

rctvg" fg" nc" kfgc" fg" swg" gn" eqpegrvq" fg" hwgpvgu" fgn" Fgtgejq" gu" wp" eqpegrvq"

3:"

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fkpƒokeq"swg"vqoc"uw"rtqrkc"gpvkfcf"gp"ecfc"Qtfgpcokgpvq"lwtfkeq"rctvkewnct0"Gn"

cwvqt"cpcnk¦c"gp"gn" vgzvq"{"eqp"rtqhwuk„p" e„oq"lwgic"guvg"eqpegrvq" gp"gn"ukuvgoc"

lwtfkeq" ewdcpq." ncu" rgewnkctkfcfgu" swg" csw" rtgugpvc." {" ewƒngu"uqp"ncu"

ocpkhguvcekqpgu" g" kpvgttgncekqpgu" swg" fkejc" eqpegrvq" fgurnkgic" fgpvtq" fg" guvg"

ukuvgoc" lwtfkeq." {" gp" eqpetgvq" gp" gn" ƒodkvq" fgn" Fgtgejq" Citctkq0" Lwcp" Tco„p"

cdqtfc"vqfqu"guvqu"ƒodkvqu"fgufg"wpc"rtgvgpuk„p"fg" oqfgtpkfcf"eqfkhkecfqtc"fg"

wpc" tcoc" fgn" Fgtgejq" *gn" Fgtgejq" Citctkq+" swg" eqp" cukfwkfcf" ug" gpewgpvtc"

fkurgtuc"{"cvqok¦cfc."rqeq"ukuvgocvk¦cfc."nq"swg"ogtoc"uw"ghkecekc0""

Htgpvg" c" guvg" rcpqtcoc." rtgekucogpvg." {" etgq" swg" pq" og" gswkxqeq." nc"

crqtvcek„p"oƒu" korqtvcpvg"swg" jceg"gn" nkdtq"gu." rqt"wpc" rctvg."rqpgt" en valor"cn"

Fgtgejq"Citctkq" eqoq"wpc" korqtvcpvg" tcoc"fgn" Qtfgpcokgpvq"lwtfkeq." c" nc"swg"

nqu" lwtkuvcu" fgdgtcoqu" rtguvct" owejukoc" oƒu" cvgpek„p=" {." rqt" qvtc" rctvg."

qtfgpct"tcekqpcnogpvg"uw"eqpvgpkfq" pqtocvkxq"{"nqu" rtkpekrkqu"uwuvgpvcfqtgu"swg"

uqp"uwuegrvkdngu" fg" kpvgitct" guvg"ecorq" lwtfkeq0" [" vqfq"gnnq" fktkikfq" cn" qdlgvkxq"

fg"swg" gn"Fgtgejq" Citctkq"ug" kpugtvg" ctoqpkqucogpvg."eqp" nc"pgeguctkc" gpvkfcf"

sistémica" dkgp" eqpuvtwkfc." gp" gn" Qtfgpcokgpvq" lwtfkeq0" Eqpfkekqpgu" vf‌iepkeq/

lwtfkecu" swg" ukp" fwfc" hceknkvctƒp" uw" ghkecekc0" Gn" fgucttqnnq" {" ukuvgocvk¦cek„p" fg"

wpc"doctrina iusagraria cubana."fg"nc"qtfgpcek„p"pqtocvkxc"{"fg" ncu"kpuvkvwekqpgu"

fg"Fgtgejq"Citctkq"ewdcpq"gu"wp"hkp"transversal"swg" cvtcxkguc"vqfq"gn"vgzvq"{"swg"

ewnokpc"gp"ncu"tgeqogpfcekqpgu"swg"pqu"rtqrqtekqpc"gn"cwvqt"gp"nc"rctvg"hkpcn0"

Rctc" cnecp¦ct" guvc" ogvc" gn" FT0" Rf‌itg¦" Ecttknnq" tgeqokgpfc." eqp"

ctiwogpvqu" ow{" u„nkfqu." nc" eqfkhkecek„p" fg" nc" pqtocvkxc" citctkc" c" rctvkt" fg" wp"

ukuvgoc"tgeqpqekfq"fg"hwgpvgu"fgn"Fgtgejq0" Vqfq"nq"ewcn"pqu"rgtokvg"chktoct" swg"

guvcoqu"cpvg"wp"vtcdclq"fg"itcp"xcnqt"Ðukuvf‌iokeqÑ0"""

En segundo lugar." f‌iuvg" gu" wp" vgzvq" eqp" xcnqt" ÐfqegpvgÑ" {" cecff‌iokeq.""

rqtswg" rtqowgxg" gn" fgucttqnnq" rqt" qvtqu" kpxguvkicfqtgu" fg" Fgtgejq" Citctkq" gp"

ncu"Hcewnvcfgu"{"Fgrctvcogpvqu"fg"Fgtgejq"fgn"rcu0""

En tercer lugar." pqu" gpeqpvtcoqu" cpvg" wpc" kpxguvkicek„p" swg" rtgvgpfg"

kphnwkt" gp" nc" ngikuncek„p" cevwcn." ugi¿p" ncu" rtqrwguvc" eqfkhkecfqtc" swg" eqpvkgpg."

fktkikfcu"pq" u„nq"c"qtfgpct"ngikuncvkxcogpvg"guvc" tcoc"fgn" Fgtgejq"ukpq" vcodkf‌ip"

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c"hceknkvct"nc" ncdqt"fg"nqu" qrgtcfqtgu"lwtfkequ" swg"jcp"fg" crnkect"g"kpvgtrtgvct" ncu"

pqtocu"fg"Fgtgejq"Citctkq"{"cukokuoq"c"jcegt"oƒu"rncwukdng"gn"ewornkokgpvq"fg"

gucu"pqtocu"rqt"uwu"fguvkpcvctkqu0""

Y en cuarto lugar." pq"ug"rwgfg"pgict" gn"xcnqt"ÐuqekcnÑ"fg" guvg"nkdtq."rqtswg"

empodera" cn" Fgtgejq" Citctkq" c" nc" rqukek„p" swg" ng" eqttgurqpfg" gp" gn" ƒodkvq"

lwtfkeq." xcnqtk¦ƒpfqnq." uceƒpfqnq" fg" uw" eqpfkek„p" fg" ocvgtkc" fkurgtuc."

fkuitgicfc." ugewpfctkc." rctc" eqpgevctnq" eqp" pwgxqu" xcnqtgu" eqoq" gn" ogfkq"

codkgpvg"{"nc"geqpqoc"uquvgpkdng0"Gp" fghkpkvkxc."ug"vtcvc"fg"wpc"kpxguvkicek„p"fg"

itcp"wvknkfcf"swg"jceg"wp"itcp"crqtvg"c"nc"Ekgpekc"Lwtfkec"ewdcpc0"

Nc"eqpukfgtcek„p" rqukvkxc" swg"jciq" fg" nc"kpxguvkicek„p" swg"eqpvkgpg"guvg"

nkdtq" vcodkf‌ip" jc" ukfq" eqphktocfc" cn" ugtng" qvqticfq" gn" Rtgokq" Cpwcn" 4236" fgn"

Okpkuvgtkq" fg" Ekgpekc." Vgepqnqic" {" Ogfkq" Codkgpvg" fg" nc" Tgr¿dnkec" fg" Ewdc/

Fgngicek„p" Vgttkvqtkcn" fg" Itcpoc." gp" tc¦„p" fg" nqu" tguwnvcfqu" fguvcecfqu"

qdvgpkfqu" gp" nc" ekgpekc" {" gp" nc" kppqxcek„p" vgepqn„ikec" gp" gn" vgttkvqtkq" rqt" uw"

korcevq"rctc"ncu"ekgpekc."nc"geqpqoc"{"nc"uqekgfcf0"""""

Gp" upvguku." gn" nkdtq" fgn" Ft0" Lwcp" Tco„p" Rf‌itg¦" Ecttknnq" gu" wpc" qdtc"

tgeqogpfcdng" rctc" ewcnswkgt" lwtkuvc" kpvgtgucfq" gp" gn" eqpqekokgpvq" {"

rtqhwpfk¦cek„p" fgn" Fgtgejq" Citctkq0" Vcodkf‌ip" swkgtq" citcfgegt" c" nc" Gfkvqtkcn"

gurc‚qnc"F{mkpuqp."fg"itcp" rtguvkikq"gp"ncu"rwdnkecekqpgu"lwtfkecu."nc"gfkek„p" fg"

guvg"nkdtq0"

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Rtqh0"Ft0"L0"Cndgtvq"fgn"Tgcn"Cnecnƒ.""

Profesor Tit ular de Filosofía del Derecho

Universidad de Jaén (España)

Lcf‌ip."oct¦q"fg"42370"

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