La compleja delimitación del Derecho penal económico. A propósito del Título XIII del Libro Segundo del Código Penal español ('De los delitos contra el patrimonio y el orden socioeconómico')

• Author: Dr. Ignacio F. Benítez Ortúzar
• Position: Catedrático de Derecho Penal. Universidad de Jaén (España)
• Pages: 70-85

CUBALEX Artículos / 

La compleja delimitación del Derecho penal

económico. A propósito del Título XIII del Libro

Segundo del Código Penal español (“De los delitos

contra el patrimonio y el orden socioeconómico”)





DR. IGNACIO F. BENÍTEZ ORTÚZAR*

ESPAÑA

Sumario

 





 

 

Resumen

    

  

 



  



      

     





    

     

 el orden económico en sentido estricto u orden

público económico     

* 

CUBALEX



Artículos / 

   



 



Palabras clave





Abstract

e Spanish Penal Code of 1995, breaking with the traditional rubric “crimes against

the property”, which had been unchangeable since the Penal Code of 1848, includes a Title

XIII, entitled “Crimes against patrimony and the socioeconomic order”. In that Title, other

interests apart from the individual ones (property, possession, some real rights) are included

in a united but dierentiated way, as an interest safeguarded towards a joint one. e dif-

ference between both subgroups of crimes is not perfectly dened. In Title XIII, criminal

conducts which aect to individual interests are included, although through a formulation

capable of reecting the socioeconomic joint dimension. is being the reason why it is

correct to assert that the economic order in a strict way or economic public order, which is

the part of the economic order directly supervised by the State, must be excluded from the

“socioeconomic order” concept used by the legislator on the Title XIII rubric. In that sense,

crimes against HMRC and social security are, for instance, out of Title XIII of Volume II

of the Penal Code. However, the so-called “corporate crimes” or crimes related to Receiving

stolen property or money laundering are included.

Keywords



I. El Título XIII, del Libro Segundo, del Código Penal





 



   







      



 

CUBALEX



Artículos / 

    























 el orden económico en sentido

estricto u orden público económico











 

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CUBALEX

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Artículos / 

      

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



 







 



  







 











 “Hay reincidencia cuando, al delinquir, el culpable haya sido condenado ejecutoriamente por un delito

comprendido en el mismo título de este Código, siempre que sea de la misma naturaleza.

A efectos de este número no se computarán los antecedentes penales cancelados o que debieran serlo, ni los que

correspondan a delitos leves.

Las condenas firmes de jueces o tribunales impuestas a otros Estados de la Unión Europea producirán los efec-

tos de reincidencia salvo que el antecedente penal haya sido cancelado o pudiera serlo con arreglo al Derecho

español”.

 “1. No obstante lo dispuesto en el articulo anterior, el que, en ejecución de un plan preconcebido o aprove-

chando idéntica ocasión, realice una pluralidad de acciones u omisiones que ofendan a uno o varios sujetos

e infrinjan el mismo precepto penal o preceptos de igual o semejante naturaleza, será castigado como autor

de un delito o falta continuados con la pena señalada para la infracción más grave, que se impondrá en su

mitad superior, pudiendo llegar hasta la mitad inferior de la pena superior en grado.

2. Si se tratare de infracciones contra el patrimonio, se impondrá la pena teniendo en cuenta el perjuicio total

causado. En estas infracciones el Juez o Tribunal impondrá, motivadamente, la pena superior en uno o dos

grados, en la extensión que estime conveniente, si el hecho revistiere notoria gravedad y hubiere perjudicado

a una generalidad de personas.

3. Quedan exceptuadas de lo establecido en los apartados anteriores las ofensas a bienes eminente-

mente personales, salvo las constitutivas de infracciones contra el honor y la libertad e indemnidad

sexuales que afecten al mismo sujeto pasivo. En estos casos, se atenderá a la naturaleza del hecho y

del precepto infringido”

CUBALEX



Artículos / 





















           



     

    

 



  





               

  









II. Delitos contra El Patrimonio. Alcance de los Capítulos I a X



     

      

 



 “1. Están exentos de responsabilidad criminal y sujetos  a la civil los cónyuges que no estuvieren

separados legalmente o de hecho o en proceso judicial de separación, divorcio o nulidad de su matrimonio y

los ascendientes, descendientes y hermanos por naturaleza o por adopción, así como los afines en primer grado

si viviesen juntos, por los delitos patrimoniales que se causaren entre sí, siempre que no concurra violencia

o intimidación, o abuso de la vulnerabilidad de la victima, ya sea por razón de edad, o por tratarse de una

persona con discapacidad.

2. Esta disposición no es aplicable a los extraños que participaren en el delito”.

CUBALEX



Artículos / 



4

   

      



 

  



  

   







   

 

  









 







  

      

    







  



4 “La provocación, la conspiración y la proposición para cometer los delitos de robo, extorsión, estafa o apro-

piación indebida, serán castigadas con la pena inferior en uno o dos grados a la del delito correspondiente”.

 “1. Serán punibles con las penas del articulo 249 o, en su caso, con las del articulo 250, los que teniendo

facultades para administrar un patrimonio ajeno, emanadas de la ley, encomendadas por la autoridad o

asumidas mediante un negocio jurídico, las infrinjan excediéndose en el ejercicio de las mismas y, de esa

manera, causen un perjuicio al patrimonio administrado.

2. Si la cuantía del perjuicio patrimonial no excediere de 400 euros, se impondrá una pena de multa de uno

a tres meses”.

CUBALEX



Artículos / 













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 

 

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 

 

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 

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 

 

 

 

CUBALEX



Artículos / 

III. Delitos contra el orden socieconómico. Alcance de los

Capítulos XI a XIV

1. Breve referencia al derecho penal económico.



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





CUBALEX



Artículos / 

       

     



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











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         

delito económico en sentido estricto

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CUBALEX

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Artículos / 

    

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    

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





Se reconoce la libertad

de empresa en el marco de la economía de mercado. Los poderes públicos garantizan y

protegen su ejercicio y la defensa de la productividad, de acuerdo con las exigencias de la

economía general, y en su caso, de la planicación 



  

     

   

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   

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   

















CUBALEX



Artículos / 





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CUBALEX

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Artículos / 



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

2. Alcance de los Capítulos XI a XIV



  

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 



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      

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 



 





 



 



   

      

      

  



 

      

 

CUBALEX



Artículos / 





 

 

 

    



   



 

 



 

 

   



 



 

 













  

     

   



 

     



 



 



      



CUBALEX



Artículos / 

 



 

 

     



    



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



 

  







       







   





  





 

 

 



 

 

 

   



    

 

  







CUBALEX



Artículos / 

      







 



 

de los delitos relativos a la ordenación del territorio

y el urbanismo, la protección del patrimonio histórico y el medio ambiente

 



     delitos

Contra la Administración Pública”

     





 

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

   

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

   

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

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

 



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CUBALEX



Artículos / 

 

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

 









 

